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spotted wobbegong scientific name

Photo © Robert Harcourt O. maculatus is commonly known as the wobbegon or spotted wobbegon in the English language. Brown, R.W. Males have also been observed to bite females during courtship. The sharks, rays, devil-fish, and other primitive fishes of Australia and New Zealand. Guide to Sea Fishes of Australia. Whitley, G.P. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Collection, Australian Museum Research Institute (AMRI), Natural Sciences research and collections, Australian Museum Lizard Island Research Station, 2020 Australian Museum Eureka Prizes finalists, 2020 Australian Museum Eureka Prizes winners, Become a volunteer at the Australian Museum. Limit is "two sharks per person" of any combination of species. Marine & Freshwater Research, a peer-reviewed scientific journal, studied and compared the electroreceptors of the spotted wobbegong to those of the Australian angelshark (Squatina australis), a distantly related shark species. Southern Spotted Opah, Lampris australensis Underkoffler, Luers, Hyde & Craig 2018. 992. Its body lacks ridges or caudal keels. Crawford House Press. [1][4], The species' primary threat in eastern Australia is fishing for commercial purposes. It is possibly endemic to Australia. Wobbegongs are well camouflaged with a symmetrical pattern of bold markings which resembles a carpet. [3] Reports are known of it attacking people if they step on it or put a limb near its mouth. [16] In total, the Australian Shark Attack File has recorded 51 instances where the unprovoked attack,[b] on a human was confirmed to be by any species of wobbegong shark in the years 1900 to 2009, none of which were fatal. The name ‘wobbegong’ is believed to given to this species originated from the Australian Aboriginal language which means ‘Shaggy beard’. Thank you for reading. The spotted wobbegong (Orectolobus maculatus) is a species of wobbegong found around Queensland, Australia and the Indian Ocean between latitudes 20 and 40 degrees South. The selection of specimens in a group was previously thought to be at random or due to food advantages, but a study led by Macquarie University concluded that spotted wobbegongs associate with preferred partners for "social" purposes, and some specimens do not associate at all. Although it has not been confirmed, the species may always return to a single site repeatedly throughout its life. The species name maculatuscomes from the Latin word macula which means spot, and refers to the shark's spotted colouration. Limit is "one shark per person" of any species, with a maximum length of 1.5 m. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. Kuiter, R.H. 1996. You have reached the end of the main content. Spotted wobbegongs are bycatch species in various fisheries and are allowed to be fished by recreational fishers in some Australian states,[18] as per the table below: The International Shark Attack File defines a provoked attack as one "when a human initiates interaction with a shark in some way. [10], The spotted wobbegong gathers in groups. In this section, there's a wealth of information about our collections of scientific specimens and cultural objects. Come and explore what our researchers, curators and education programs have to offer! [1] 38 specimens caught from 1882 to 1995 were found in waters 20–176 metres (66–577 ft) deep. Multiple conservation actions have taken place for this species, particularly since 2006. The spotted wobbegong (Orectolobus maculatus) is a carpet shark in the family Orectolobidae, endemic to Australia. Therefore, the two wobbegongs are classified as two separate species. Other common names include: gevlekte bakerhaai (Dutch) rengaspartahai (Finnish) 1994. [9], A nocturnal species, the spotted wobbegong feeds at night and rests in sandy bottoms, coral reefs, and coastal bays in the day. It is nocturnal, resting at day and feeding on fish and invertebrates at night. [13] In 1789, Arthur Phillip, the first governor of New South Wales, wrote about the spotted wobbegong, which he called "Watts's Shark", in his book Voyage to Botany Bay. The genus name most likely refers to the barbels on the head. Circa 2013, the IUCN Red List described the species as Vulnerable in the waters of New South Wales and Near Threatened in Australian waters. Litters typically contain between 20–37 individuals. In one circumstance, a spotted wobbegong specimen bit off a fisherman's foot. The Australian Museum will reopen to the public on Saturday 28 November after a 15 month $57.5m building transformation, and general admission will be FREE to celebrate the reopening of this iconic cultural institution. It’ll turn everything you thought you knew about sharks on its head. The Spotted Wobbegong has a pattern of dark saddles, white o-shaped spots and white blotches. (2006). It has six to ten dermal lobes behind and in front of its eye and a tubercle above its eye. [10] The International Shark Attack File lists 4 unprovoked attacks,[a] known to be by the spotted wobbegong, none of which were fatal. Scientific name Tasselled wobbegong, Eucrossorhinus dasypogon Spotted wobbegong, Orectolobus maculatus Northern wobbegong, Orectolobus wardi Banded wobbegong, Orectolobus halei Ornate wobbegong, Size Range Pp. [1], Although the spotted wobbegong is generally docile with humans, it is sometimes aggressive with them. Its flesh is edible and has thus caused it to be a target of fishing. They often lie on sand or rocky reef bottoms and are frequently seen by divers. New Holland. Last, P.R. [3][4] Other synonyms of the species include Squalus barbatus (Gmelin, 1789), Squalus lobatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), Squalus appendiculatus (Shaw & Nodder, 1806), and Squalus labiatus (Bleeker, 1857). Royal Zoological Society N.S.W., Australian Zoological Handbook 1-280. 437. 513, Pl. [12] Rob Harcourt, a researcher, stated "What we found was that sharks were interacting in a much more complex way than we predicted". The fishes of Australia. Coloured green, yellow, or brown, it has distinctive O-shaped spots throughout its body. The spotted wobbegong has a more complex electrosensory system than the Australian angelshark, and the spotted wobbegong has a pore cluster inside its snout that is not present in the Australian angelshark. They are used to detect the electric fields of nearby animals, making it easier to find prey. Image credit: gadigal yilimung (shield) made by Uncle Charles Chicka Madden. Alternate common names in English for the species include carpet shark, common carpet shark, common catshark, tassel shark, and wobbegong. Spotted wobbegongs, like other wobbegong species, have nasal barbels and hanging tassels on and around their head and body. [3], Like other sharks, the spotted wobbegong has abundant pores that operate as electroreceptors in its skin. The spotted wobbegong has been confused with the Gulf wobbegong (Orectolobus hatei) in New South Wales, but the white marks of the spotted wobbegong, as well as its greater number of dermal lobes, distinguish the two species. [18] Threats to wobbegong include trawl fishing, beach seines, gillnets, lobster pots and traps, targeting by hook-and-line and spearfishing.[19]. International Union for Conservation of Nature, "Conservation Overview and Action Plan for Australian Threatened and Potentially Threatened Marine and Estuarine Fishes", "Spotted wobbegong sharks demonstrate social clique behaviour", "Changing patterns of shark attacks in Australian waters", "Orectolobus maculatus - Advice to the Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities from the Threatened Species Scientific Committee (the Committee) on Amendment to the list of Threatened Species under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spotted_wobbegong&oldid=978808091, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Limit is "one shark per person" of any species. Wobbegongs are bottom-dwelling sharks, spending much of their time resting on the sea floor. The species is fished for commercially in Australia, but it is not severely threatened. The species occurs along the southern coastline of Australia from southern Queensland to south-western Western Australia. Sharks and Rays of Australia. [5] Male wobbegongs in Sydney, likely including this species, fight with other males in the breeding season. [3] Its specific name, maculatus, means "spotted" in Latin, named as such for the spotted pattern of its body. Their body and heads are flattened in shape, and their jaws protrude forward when capturing prey. For both species, these electroreceptors are an important mechanism in feeding. Name Scientific: Orectolobus maculatus German: Gepunkteter Teppichhai English: Spotted Wobbegong French: Requin-tapis tachete Spanish: Tapicero manchado Appearance "Nurse … [4] Its body lacks ridges or caudal keels. The genus name Orectolobus comes from the Greek words orectos, meaning stretched out, and lobos meaning a rounded projection or protuberance. Even the scientific name Orectolobus maculatus is a derivation from this shark’s appearance. Records are also known of the species living in Tasmania and the Northern Territory, but these are likely to be invalid. Pp. The Spotted wobbegong may be the largest species of Wobbegong, growing to 3 meters (9.8 feet) in length. It is green, yellow, or brown in colour,[4] with a darker back and darker saddles. in Gomon, M.F., J.C.M. From William Dampier in 1688 - to Phillip Parker King in 1818. Stevens, J.D. Commercial fishers are limited to 6 per day and minimum length of 130 cm. Spotted Wobbegongs live in shallow coastal waters down to about 100 m depth. [3] Divers sometimes pull it by the tail during its daytime resting period, which often provokes it enough to bite. [10] It may also attack a human holding a speared or hooked fish, as well as the fish itself. [1] It is also frequently confused with the ornate wobbegong (Orectolobus ornatus). 1940. The Australian Museum respects and acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation as the First Peoples and Traditional Custodians of the land and waterways on which the Museum stands. In this section, explore all the different ways you can be a part of the Museum's groundbreaking research, as well as come face-to-face with our dedicated staff. These include instances when divers are bitten after harassing or trying to touch sharks, attacks on spearfishers, attacks on people attempting to feed sharks, bites occurring while unhooking or removing a shark from a fishing net, etc": The Australian Shark Attack File defines a provoked attack as one "where the person involved was fishing for, spearing, stabbing, feeding, netting or handling a shark, or where the shark was attracted to the victim by activities such as fishing, spear-fishing and cleaning of captured fish". [4] Adults most commonly occur on algae-covered rocky reefs and meadows of sea grass or sand, while juveniles are mostly found in estuaries. Pp. Glover & R.H. Kuiter (Eds). Other common names include: gevlekte bakerhaai (Dutch) rengaspartahai (Finnish) requin-tapis tacheté (French) wobbegong (German) kumohada-ôse (Japanese) tapicero manchado (Spanish) It has six to ten dermal lobes behind and in front of its eye[7] and a tubercle above its eye. O. maculatusis commonly known as the wobbegon or spotted wobbegon in the English language. CSIRO. The Spotted Wobbegong differs from Orectolobus halei in having saddles with whitish rings and blotches, and more dermal lobes (6-10) at the rear end of the preorbital group. We acknowledge Elders past, present and emerging. Stevens. The spotted wobbegong's genus name is based on the Greek words "orektos" and "lobos", and translates roughly to "stretched out lobe". [5] Because of the species' colour pattern, it camouflages well on rocky bottoms. Most species have a maximum length of 1.25 m (4.1 ft), but the largest, the spotted wobbegong, Orectolobus maculatus, and banded wobbegong, O. halei, reach about 3 m (9.8 ft) in length. Learn the scientific name, discover the habitat, diet and special characteristics of the Spotted Wobbegong with the Georgia Aquarium. Part I. Coastal Fishes of South-Eastern Australia. The Spotted wobbegong (Orectolobus maculatus) is a shark belonging to the family Orectolobidae, endemic to Australia. It’ll turn everything you thought you knew about sharks on its head. The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. [10], The Spotted wobbegong was nominated for listing under the EPBC Act as a Vulnerable species in 2013, but the nomination was rejected. Etymology The specific name maculatus is from the Spotted Wobbegong. It is listed as a least-concern species on the IUCN Red List. [11] The study occurred in a small marine reserve over a 15-month period. Australian Museum Cashier, Chai Griffin was bitten by a small Wobbegong Shark at a depth of 19m during a morning dive on 26 April 2004. 433. The Spotted wobbegong (Orectolobus maculatus) is a shark belonging to the family Orectolobidae, endemic to Australia. This page was last edited on 17 September 2020, at 02:00. However, the spotted wobbegong has smaller and less dense dorsal fins, which lack the black markings that the dwarf spotted wobbegong's dorsal fins have, differentiating the two fishes. [3] Other characteristics of the species include dermal flaps surrounding the rim of its mouth,[8] large barbels extending from its nostrils,[7] and large spiracles. The species was described by Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre in 1778. Pp. Other characteristics of the species includ… [5] Sightings have been reported in Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, and Western Australia, in the western Pacific Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean. Pp. They h… Spotted wobbegong sharks, Orectolobus maculatus (Bonnaterre, 1788), aka wobbegongs, reach a maximum length of 3.2 m with the average size of adult males between 1.5-1.8m. Family: Orectolobidae – Wobbegongs It has been known to bite humans, sometimes unprovoked, which can produce severe wounds. Like all wobbegongs, it has a short mouth and broad pharynx, which allow it to suck up prey more easily. Bonnaterre redescribed the species in 1788 in Orectolobus, its current genus, making its full scientific name Orectolobus maculatus, with Squalus maculatus now a synonym of it. It is a large, robust species, typically reaching 4.9-5.9 feet in length, but there have been reports of them reaching longer. Some records have misidentified other fish species living in Japan and the South China Sea as this species. What is Wobbegong Shark The wobbegong sharks are bottom-dwelling sharks and spend their most of time resting on the sea floor. Join us, volunteer and be a part of our journey of discovery! Feeding occurs mainly at night and includes prey items such as fishes, crayfish, crabs and octopuses. You have reached the end of the page. Name: Spotted Wobbegong (View AKA's) Family: Wobbegongs Species: Shark Scientific Name: Orectolobus maculatus Its diet consists of fishes, including luderick, scorpionfishes, basses, and rays, and various invertebrates, such as crabs, lobsters, and octopuses. R. W. Brown. It is covered with O-shaped spots, which distinguish it from other species that look similar to it. 882. Common Galaxias, Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns, 1842), Sharpnose Sevengill Shark, Heptranchias perlo (Bonnaterre, 1788), Porbeagle, Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre, 1788), Banded Carpet Shark, Orectolobus halei Whitley, 1940, Black-spotted Wrasse, Austrolabrus maculatus (Macleay, 1881), Warty Prowfish, Aetapcus maculatus (Günther, 1861), Thresher Shark, Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788). It is covered with O-shaped spots, which distinguish it from other species that look similar to it. Composition of Scientific Words. [17] Reports of wobbegongs biting boats are known in literature, but it has not been confirmed that these attacks were by the spotted wobbegong in particular. [5], The following diagram shows the relationship between the spotted wobbegong and five other selected species in the genus Orectolobus:[6], The spotted wobbegong has a large, robust body, which thins beyond its pelvic fins. Receive the latest news on events, exhibitions, science research and special offers. [4], The spotted wobbegong has previously been synonymised with Orectolobus parvimaculatus, the dwarf spotted wobbegong, in Western Australia. 1994. [10], The spotted wobbegong is endemic to Australia, usually living in tropical waters no deeper than 218 metres (715 ft). Its skin has been utilised for decorating historically, but whether it is utilised in such a way currently is unknown. It is a large, robust species, typically reaching 150–180 centimetres (59–71 in) in length. The following papers published in 2008 have used specimens from the Australian Museum fish collection. A Spotted Wobbegong at a depth of 18 m, below Old Man's Hat, North Head, Sydney Harbour, New South Wales, 22 March 2009. Most species have a maximum length of 1.25 m (4.1 ft) or less, but the largest, the spotted wobbegong, Orectolobus maculatus, and banded wobbegong, O. halei, reach about 3 m (9.8 ft) in length. No commercial targeting occurs here. 1-84. & J.D. It is green, yellow, or brown in colour, with a darker back and darker saddles. [13] The species can attack if caught with a fishing line or net, or if speared. — 'Wobbegong' is an Australian aboriginal word. The genus name Orectolobus comes from the Greek words orectos , meaning stretched out, and lobos meaning a rounded projection or protuberance. Its defence mechanism is a bite, which can cause severe wounds due to the species' tendency to hold its bite for a long time. The spotted wobbegong (Orectolobus maculatus) is a species of wobbegong found around Queensland, Australia and the Indian Ocean between latitudes 20 and 40 degrees South. Kuiter, R.H. 1993. [11], Females give birth in the spring, after a gestation period of almost a year. State Print, Adelaide. [2] He classified it in the genus Squalus, with the full scientific name of Squalus maculatus. Let me introduce you to the spotted wobbegong shark (Orectolobus maculatus) and the rest of its wobbegong comrades. It is a large, robust species, typically reaching 4.9-5.9 feet in length, but there have been reports of them reaching longer. These amazing sharks are mottled yellow-green or brown in color with saddle- and O-shaped markings. Records from Japan and the South China Sea are probably errors. Source: Atlas of Living Australia. The Spotted wobbegong may be the largest species of Wobbegong, growing to 3 meters (9.8 feet) in length. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. The species' prey have been known to wander right up to it, including near its mouth, sometimes nibbling its tentacles. The Australian Museum respects and acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation as the First Peoples and Traditional Custodians of the land and waterways on which the Museum stands. 1956. [7] It grows in the range of 150–180 centimetres (59–71 in), but can reach 320 centimetres (130 in). [4] The species exhibits ovoviviparity, with embryos developing inside their mother's body until ready to hatch. Out of the 15 tagged and observed specimens, 14 associated with more than one individual, and sex, size, or familiarity did not affect the association of groups. Spotted wobbegong is a master of escaping notice in plain sight. The Spotted Wobbegong can be recognised by the skin flaps around the snout margin and the distinctive colour pattern of dark saddles and white rings on a yellow to greenish-brown background. The Spotted Wobbegong can be recognised by the skin flaps around the snout margin and the distinctive colour pattern of dark saddles and white rings on a yellow to greenish-brown background. This shark has unique spots around its body, hence the name. The spotted wobbegong has a large, robust body, which thins beyond its pelvic fins. In Queensland, it is sometimes caught as a bycatch but is not fished for intentionally. The species is widely distributed in subtropical and temperate Australian waters. An ovoviviparous species, the spotted wobbegong gives birth in the spring, during which time males can act aggressively towards other males and females. He said that it ferociously attacked the dog of "Mr. Watts":[2], ... after having lain on the deck for two hours seemingly quiet, on Mr Watts's dog passing by, the shark sprang on it with all the ferocity imaginable, and seized it by the leg, nor could the dog have disengaged himself had not the people near at hand come to his assistance, There have been reports of unprovoked attacks on humans, including divers well above the bottom,[14] while Compagno noted of such reports that "it is often difficult to determine which species was involved or what the precise circumstances were that led to the incident". Origin of the Name When looking at the spotted wobbegong, it would not be a surprise why it is called so. This website may contain names, images and voices of deceased Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The map below shows the Australian distribution of the species based on public sightings and specimens in Australian Museums. It is unknown if its population is decreasing or increasing, but it is not severely fragmented as of 2015. It grows in the range of 150–180 centimetres (59–71 in), but can reach 320 centimetres (130 in). It is listed as a species of least concern on the red list of the International Union for Conservation of Nature as of 23 March 2015, after having been assessed as near threatened in 2003 and 2009. Family: Orectolobidae – Wobbegongs Young are 21 centimetres (8.3 in) long directly after hatching and males become sexually mature when they reach roughly 60 centimetres (24 in).

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